Light guide plate structure design of TFT LCD liquid crystal display module1

Light guide plate structure design of TFT mobile phone LCD mobile phone LCD screenmodule The light guide plate (LGP) of TFT LCD LCD screenmodule is a material that uses the principle of light reflection and light scattering to work. This article mainly introduces the structural design of the light guide plate of TFT mobile LCD screen display. The main evaluation items include the production method, assembly structure, effective light-emitting area and gap, position fixation, warpage control, etc. 1. Production method. There are usually two methods of light guide plate: injection molding and cutting. Injection molding uses the injection molding process to inject plastic particles into a light guide plate with a smooth surface on one side and optical dots on the other side, such as ultra-thin light guide plates and small light guide plates. Cutting and making the light guide plate is to use a large light guide plate to cut it into the required shape of the light guide plate, and then use a high reflectivity and non-light-absorbing material on the flat side of the cut light guide plate, and use a screen printing process on the bottom of the light guide plate Printed with round or square dots to diffuse light. When the light hits the dots, the light will be reflected in all directions, and then destroy the reflection conditions and be emitted from the front of the light guide plate. In order to ensure that the probability of light reflection in all directions is roughly the same, and to make the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate emit light evenly, it is necessary to use various density and different sizes of dots. As a matching set, a reflective film is also provided under the light guide plate to reflect light leaked from the bottom surface back into the light guide plate, so as to improve the utilization rate of light and increase the brightness. Second, the assembly structure. The assembly structure of the light guide plate is divided into two types: reverse installation and front installation. The reverse installation is to integrate the light guide plate and the plastic frame into a whole by designing a fitting structure on the plastic frame and the light guide plate. The light utilization efficiency of the anti-mounted light guide plate is low, and it is generally limited to small-sized products. The formal dress is assembled one by one from the back panel, which is more convenient to assemble and is mainly used for medium and large-sized products. The formal structure is easy to disassemble and rework each part, but the disadvantage is that the assembly process increases. Although the increase in the number of processes for formal assembly has led to an increase in cost, this structure is of great help in improving the light utilization rate of the light guide plate. 3. Effective light-emitting area and gap. Within the viewing angle specification, it is required that the corresponding display images can be illuminated by light, so the design of the light guide plate needs to fully consider the effective light-emitting area. The material of the light guide plate will expand or shrink with the change of ambient humidity or temperature, so the gap design between the light guide plate and adjacent components must consider the expansion and contraction in addition to the tolerance. If the light guide plate interferes with the connected structure, noise will occur when shaken. Pay special attention to the design of the gap between the light guide plate and the plastic frame. Fourth, the position is fixed. The position fixing design of the light guide plate is to prevent the light guide plate from loosening within the gap range after being subjected to external force. The position is fixed by concave-convex fitting method. The convex part is designed on the light guide plate, and the concave part is designed on the plastic frame. The design of the convex part of the light guide plate needs to ensure that there will be no stress concentration problem after being impacted by external force. 5. Warpage control. Warping is the main defect of the light guide plate. After the high temperature and high humidity reliability test, it will expand and warp due to the high water absorption rate. When the light guide plate is warped, it will cause the adjacent optical film to wrinkle, or interfere with the display screen, which will eventually lead to abnormal display. As a countermeasure, when designing the light guide plate, the amount of warpage allowed by the light guide plate should be specified. When making the light guide plate, it is necessary to adjust the molding conditions. When designing the structure, it is necessary to increase the gap between the light guide plate and the plastic frame appropriately.

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